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Bromobutane (also known as n-butyl bromide, 1 -bromobutane) is a straight-chain alkyl bromoalkane. Its chemical name is 1-bromobutane, with the molecular formula C₄H₉Br and a molecular weight of 137.02. It is a colorless, transparent liquid with a distinctive pungent odor. It is insoluble in water but readily soluble in organic solvents such as alcohols and ethers. As a highly reactive alkylating agent, it serves as a key raw material for introducing butyl groups in organic synthesis and is widely used in the pharmaceutical, pesticide, dye, fragrance, and fine chemical industries.
| Item | Specification |
| Melting Point | -112.4°C |
| Boiling Point | 100-104°C(lit.) |
| Density | 1.276 g/mL at 25°C(lit.) |
| Flash point | 23°C |
| Vapor pressure | 150 mm Hg (50°C) |
| Refractive index | n 20/D 1.439(lit.) |
| Water Solubility | 0.608 g/L (30°C) |
| Stability | Stable at room temperature; decomposes easily at high temperatures to form toxic bromides. |
Organic Synthesis: A major butylating agent used in the preparation of Grignard reagents, quaternary ammonium salts, and organophosphorus catalytic compounds.
Pharmaceuticals and Pesticides: 1 Bromobutane is used as a synthetic intermediate for drugs and fungicidal/insecticidal pesticides to optimize the physicochemical properties of the final products.
Dyes and Fragrances: 1 Bromobutane is used in the synthesis of various industrial dyes and food and cosmetic fragrances, as well as in the formulation of fragrance profiles and coloring systems.
Industrial Applications: Serves as a solvent for organic reactions and an extractant for rare metals; can also be used to synthesize surfactants.
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