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2 Chlorobutane is a colorless, transparent, volatile liquid with a pungent odor similar to that of diethyl ether; it belongs to the class of aliphatic secondary halogenated alkanes. It is slightly soluble in water but readily soluble in most organic solvents, such as ethanol, diethyl ether, and chloroform. It is chemically reactive, capable of undergoing both SN1 and SN2 nucleophilic substitution reactions, and readily undergoes elimination reactions upon heating with strong bases to yield 2-butene (predominantly) and 1-butene.
| Item | Specification |
| Melting Point | -140℃ |
| Boiling Point | 68–70℃ (69.2℃) |
| Density | 0.873 g/mL |
| Flash point | -15℃ (5°F) |
| Vapor pressure | 160 hPa (20℃) |
| Refractive index | 1.396 (n20/D) |
| Vapor Density | 3.2 (vs air) |
| Solubility in Water | 1.0 g/L (immiscible) |
| Stability | Stable; flammable; incompatible with strong oxidants. |
Organic Synthesis: Key intermediate for Grignard reagents, coupling reactions, and producing sec‑butyl derivatives.
Pharmaceuticals: 2 Chlorobutane is used in synthesizing antitubercular drugs (e.g., Ethambutol) and other active pharmaceutical ingredients.
Agrochemicals: Intermediate for manufacturing pesticides and herbicides.
Chemical Solvent: Solvent for rubber, resins, coatings, and surfactant production.
Plasticizers: Raw material for plasticizer synthesis in polymer industry.
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