
Adamantane is an alicyclic hydrocarbon featuring a unique cage-like structure. At standard temperature and pressure, it exists as a white crystalline powder that is odorless and tasteless. Molecular formula: C₁₀H₁₆, Molecular weight: 136.23. Its molecular structure resembles the basic unit of diamond (both possess a tricyclic [3.3.1.1³], ⁷] decane skeleton), making it one of the most representative “cage hydrocarbons” in organic chemistry. Naturally occurring in petroleum (at extremely low concentrations), adamantane is primarily synthesized industrially via the catalytic hydrogenation and isomerization of dicyclopentadiene.
| Item | Specification |
| Melting point | 209–212 °C (subl.) (lit.) |
| Boiling point | 187.1 ± 7.0 °C at 760 mmHg |
| Density | 1.07 g/cm³ |
| Vapor Pressure | 0.9 ± 0.2 mmHg at 25°C |
| Refractive Index | 1.5680 |
| Flash point | 48.9 ± 11.7 °C |
| Specific gravity | 1.07 |
| Solubility | Insoluble in water, methanol, ethanol, and other polar solvents; readily soluble in nonpolar organic solvents such as benzene, toluene, cyclohexane, and dichloromethane; also soluble in hydrocarbon solvents like gasoline and petroleum ether. |
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