
Alpha Pinene (also known as α-terpineol or p-menth-1-en-8-ol) is a monocyclic monoterpene alcohol with the molecular formula C10H18O and a molecular weight of 154.25. It occurs naturally in the essential oils of plants such as pine, rosemary, and tea tree. In its pure form, it is a colorless, transparent, viscous liquid or low-melting-point crystal with a lilac/sugar-cane-like fragrance. It combines aromatic and alcoholic characteristics, is low-toxicity and mild, and possesses biological activities such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. It is widely used in the fragrance, personal care, pharmaceutical, and industrial sectors.
| Item | Specification |
| Melting Point | 31-34℃ |
| Boiling Point | 214–218°C (at atmospheric pressure) |
| Density | 0.93–0.94 g/cm³ (20°C) |
| Flash Point | 89–90°C |
| Vapor Pressure | 0.025 mmHg (25°C) |
| Refractive Index | 1.482–1.485 (20°C) |
| Specific Rotation | –15° to –40° (natural levorotatory) |
| Solubility | 2.42 g/L (25°C); readily soluble in ethanol, diethyl ether, and chloroform. |
| Stability | Light- and alkali-resistant; stable in storage; prone to addition reactions. |
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