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Ammonium thiocyanate, also known as ammonium thiocyanate salt, has the molecular formula NH₄SCN and a molecular weight of 76.12 g/mol. It is an inorganic compound composed of the ammonium ion (NH₄⁺) and the thiocyanate ion (SCN⁻). At room temperature, it exists as colorless, lustrous, monoclinic, lamellar or prismatic crystals, which transform into rhombohedral crystals at 92°C.
Ammonium thiocyanate is the ammonium salt of thiocyanic acid. It is hygroscopic and has a certain degree of irritancy. It is primarily produced by the reaction of ammonium cyanide with sulfur or ammonium hydrosulfide, and can also be synthesized by the reaction of carbon disulfide with ammonia water under pressure.
| Item | Specification |
| Melting point | 152–154 °C (lit.) |
| Boiling point | 262.85 °C |
| Bulk density | 600–700 kg/m³ |
| Density | 1.3 g/cm³ |
| Vapor pressure | <1 hPa (20 °C) |
| Refractive index | 1.5300 (estimate) |
| Flash point | 190 °C |
| Specific gravity | 1.305 |
| Solubility | Very soluble in water (solubility approx. 120 g/100 mL at 20°C; dissolution is endothermic); soluble in ethanol, acetone, and methanol; slightly soluble in diethyl ether; practically insoluble in chloroform and ethyl acetate. |
| Deliquescence | Strong; readily absorbs moisture from the air and caked. |
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