
Auramine O Stain, also known as Auramine O,Basic Yellow 2, MF: C₁₇H₂₂ClN₃, MW: 303.83, is a compound possessing both dyeing and fluorescent properties. Its aqueous solution decomposes into tetramethylbenzophenone at temperatures exceeding 70°C. When concentrated sulfuric acid is added to the aqueous solution, it appears colorless; upon dilution, it turns pale yellow. Adding sodium hydroxide to the aqueous solution yields a white precipitate.
| Item | Specification |
| Melting point | >250°C (dec.) (lit.) |
| Boiling point | 406.2°C at 760 mmHg |
| Density | 1.01 g/cm³ |
| Bulk density | 430 kg/m³ |
| Vapor pressure | 8.31E-07 mmHg at 25°C |
| Flash point | 199.4°C |
| Acidity coefficient (pKa) | 9.8, 10.7 (at 25°C) |
| Color index | 41000 |
| Solubility | Sparingly soluble in cold water and diethyl ether; readily soluble in hot water, forming a bright yellow solution; soluble in ethanol. |
Auramine O Stain is used for dyeing leather and paper, as well as coloring oils, fats, and paints. Additionally, its prepared lake pigments can be used in ink production and for coloring materials like wallpaper.
Auramine O Stain is used for fluorescent staining of acid-fast bacteria such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Acid-fast bacteria stained with this reagent emit a bright orange-yellow fluorescence under ultraviolet light microscopy, facilitating rapid identification. This method allows examination at lower magnifications, significantly improving detection efficiency. It even outperforms traditional acid-fast staining when detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacteria in paraffin sections.
Auramine O Stain exhibits outstanding antimicrobial activity, demonstrating significant efficacy against Gram-positive bacteria and fungi, and showing effectiveness against certain viruses. Consequently, it is incorporated into formulations for surface disinfectants, antimicrobial solutions, and other cleaning and disinfection products.
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