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Cesium carbonate, with the molecular formula CS2CO₃, has a molecular weight of 325.83, At room temperature, caesium carbonate is a white crystalline powder that is highly hygroscopic and is a typical alkali metal carbonate. It reacts with acids to form the corresponding caesium salt and water, whilst releasing carbon dioxide. It is stable at room temperature but decomposes upon heating to approximately 610 °C, forming caesium oxide and carbon dioxide.
Cesium carbonate is readily soluble in water, ethanol, DMF and other polar solvents, but insoluble in non-polar solvents such as toluene and chlorobenzene. The cesium ion possesses strong coordinating ability and can undergo double displacement reactions with weak alkali salts in aqueous solution. This substance is incompatible with strong acids and strong oxidising agents and must be stored in a sealed container under cool, dry and well-ventilated conditions.
| Item | Specification |
| Melting Point | 610°C (dec.) (lit.) |
| Boiling Point | N/A |
| Density | 4.072 |
| Vapor pressure | 0 Pa at 25°C |
| Color | White |
| PH | 10-12 (20°C, 50 g/L in H2O) |
| Solubility | 261 g/100 mL (in 20 ºC water) |
Organic synthesis and pharmaceuticals: Cesium carbonate is used as an alkaline catalyst and neutralizing agent in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals.
Optoelectronics and electronics: CS2CO3 is used in the fabrication of devices such as OLEDs, solar cells, and phototubes.
Optical glass: Used as an additive to improve the refractive index and light transmittance of glass, in high-end optical materials.
Chemicals and raw materials: Used as a catalyst, analytical reagent, and a basic raw material for the preparation of other cesium salts.
Ceramics and special materials: Used as a flux in the production of ceramics, high-temperature superconductors, and other special materials.
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