
Coumarin is a white crystalline solid with a sweet, hay‑like odor. MF:C9H6O2 MW:146.14, It has a fused aromatic lactone structure, is slightly soluble in water, soluble in organic solvents, and stable under normal conditions. It undergoes lactone ring hydrolysis, hydrogenation, and electrophilic substitution reactions.
| Item | Specification |
| Melting Point |
68–73 °C (lit.) |
| Boiling Point | 298 °C (lit.) |
| Density |
0.935 |
| Flash point | 162 °C |
| Vapor Pressure | 0.0 ± 0.6 mmHg at 25°C |
| Refractive Index | 1.594 (71°C) |
| Solubility | Insoluble in cold water; soluble in hot water, ethanol, diethyl ether, chloroform, acetone, benzene, and other organic solvents. |
| Sublimation | Exhibits significant sublimation; begins to sublimate at 100°C. |
Fragrance & Flavor: Coumarin is used as a fragrance fixative in perfumes, soaps, detergents, and cosmetics; provides sweet hay/vanilla notes.
Pharmaceutical Intermediates: Precursor for anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin), anti‑inflammatory, and antimicrobial agents.
Fluorescent Brighteners: It is used in optical brighteners, fluorescent indicators, and laser dyes.
Electroplating: Serves as a brightening agent in metal plating.
Organic Synthesis: Employed as a building block for heterocyclic compounds and fine chemicals.
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