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Cyclopentadiene (CAS: 542-92-7), also known as 1,3-cyclopentadiene or mao, is a five-membered cyclic conjugated diene with the molecular formula C₅H₆ and a molecular weight of 66.10. It is a colorless, transparent, highly volatile, flammable liquid with a strong, irritating, terpene-like odor. Its most notable characteristic is that it rapidly dimerizes at room temperature to form bicyclopentadiene (white crystals), but can depolymerize back into the monomer at high temperatures between 176.6 and 190°C. The molecule contains two conjugated double bonds and an active methylene group, making it exceptionally reactive.
| Item | Specification |
| Melting Point | -85℃ |
| Boiling Point | 41.5-42.0℃（760mmHg） |
| Density | 0.8024（d4²⁰） |
| Flash Point | -32℃ |
| Vapor Pressure | 381 mmHg（20.6℃ |
| Refractive Index | 1.4429（nD²⁰） |
| Solubility | Insoluble in water but readily soluble in ethanol, diethyl ether, benzene, acetone, carbon tetrachloride, and other solvents. |
Organometallic Synthesis: It is used to prepare ferrocene additives for petroleum products, various metallocene polymerization catalysts, and to synthesize a variety of cyclopentadiene-based metal coordination complexes.
Polymer Materials: 1,3-Cyclopentadiene decomposes to form dicyclopentadiene, which is used to produce unsaturated polyesters, petroleum resins, anti-corrosion coatings, and adhesives; it also serves as a third monomer for modifying EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene monomer) rubber, commonly used in the processing of fiberglass-reinforced plastics and composite materials.
Fine Chemicals and Pesticides: 1,3-Cyclopentadiene is used to synthesize epoxy curing agents such as norbornenedioic anhydride; used to prepare organochlorine pesticides and flame retardant intermediates.
Organic Synthesis: It is used to construct cyclic organic molecular structures; used to formulate specialty high-energy fuels; and serves as a raw material for reactive dienes commonly used in laboratories.
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