
D-Galactose is a naturally occurring hexose sugar with molecular formula C6H12O6 and molecular weight 180.16. Possessing an aldehyde group (-CHO) and multiple hydroxyl groups (-OH) in its molecule, it exhibits typical characteristics of aldoses. D-Galactose can undergo reactions such as the silver mirror reaction and glycosylation. It occurs naturally in substances like lactose and pectin.
| Item | Specification |
| Melting point | 168–170°C (lit.) |
| Boiling point | 232.96°C (rough estimate) |
| Specific rotation | +79.0 to +81.0° (D/20°C) (c=10, dil. NH₄OH) |
| Density | 1.5 g/cm³ |
| Refractive index | 1.573 |
| Flash point | 286.7±26.6 °C |
| Solubility | Freely soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol, insoluble in nonpolar solvents such as ether and chloroform. |
| Acidity coefficient (pKa) | pK1: 12.35 (25°C) |
| Optical rotation | [α]20/D +80±1°, 24hr, c=5% in H₂O |
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