
Gallic acid (MF: C₇H₆O₅ MW: 170.12), also known as gallic acid, with the chemical name 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, is a naturally occurring polyphenolic organic acid. It is widely present in plants such as gallnuts, tea leaves, and grape seeds, exhibiting both antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and other biological and chemical activities. It serves as a key raw material for synthesizing gallic acid ester derivatives.
| Item | Specification |
| Boiling point | 501.1±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg |
| Melting point | 251°C (dec.) (lit.) |
| Density | 1.694 g/cm³ (60°C) |
| Vapor Pressure | 0.0 ± 1.4 mmHg at 25°C |
| Flash point | 271.0 ± 26.6 °C |
| Refractive Index | 1.730 |
| Acidity coefficient (pKa) | 4.41 (at 25°C) |
| Solubility | Freely soluble in ethanol, methanol, boiling water; slightly soluble in cold water; practically insoluble in benzene, chloroform, petroleum ether. |
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