
Gluconic acid (CAS 526-95-4), with the molecular formula C6H12O7, is a colorless to pale yellow viscous liquid or a white crystalline powder; it is stable at room temperature, highly soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol, insoluble in organic solvents, and weakly acidic, possessing good chelating, preservative, and moisturizing properties. It is primarily used as a food acidity regulator, preservative, pharmaceutical excipient, moisturizer in personal care products, and chelating agent in water treatment.
| Item | Specification |
| Melting Point | 131 °C |
| Boiling Point | 673.6°C |
| Density | 1.8 g/cm³ |
| Flash Point | 375.2°C |
| Vapor Pressure | 10⁻⁵ mmHg |
| Refractive Index | 1.4161(20°C) |
| Specific rotation | D20 -6.7° (c = 1) |
| Solubility | Freely soluble in water; slightly soluble in methanol and ethanol; insoluble in diethyl ether, benzene, etc. |
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