
Malonic acid, also known as malic acid anhydride, is a saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acid with the molecular formula C₃H₄O₄ and a molecular weight of 104.06. It appears as a white crystalline solid, is highly soluble in water and alcohols, and readily undergoes decarboxylation and decomposition when heated. Due to its high chemical reactivity, it is a commonly used fine organic intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, fragrances, and resins.
| Item | Specification |
| Melting Point | 132–135°C |
| Boiling Point | N/A |
| Density | 1.619 g/cm³ (20°C) |
| Refractive index | 1.478 |
| Solubility | Easily soluble in water and ethanol; slightly soluble in diethyl ether; insoluble in benzene. |
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