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Potassium iodide (KI) has a molecular formula of KI and a molecular weight of 166.00. It is a reducing agent and is easily oxidized in air and under light, releasing iodine and turning yellow. Its aqueous solution is neutral or weakly alkaline. It can form precipitates with heavy metal ions, is readily soluble in water, and reacts with iodine to form soluble triiodides. It is chemically relatively stable but decomposes easily in the presence of strong acids and oxidizing agents.
| Item | Specification |
| Melting Point | 681 °C |
| Boiling Point | 1330 °C |
| Specific gravity | 3.13 g/cm³ |
| Bulk density | 1500 kg/m³ |
| Refractive index | 1.677 (20 °C) |
| PH | 6.0~9.0 |
| Flash point | N/A |
| Thermal conductivity | 2.887 W/(m·K) |
| Solubility | Highly soluble in water and glycerol; soluble in ethanol. |
| Stability | Stable when protected from light; decomposes into elemental iodine at high temperatures; neutral in aqueous solution. |
Analytical Chemistry: As a commonly used analytical reagent, KI is used to detect heavy metals such as silver and mercury ions. It is also used in iodometric titration analysis and is an important reagent in redox titration.
Pharmaceuticals: potassium iodide is used as a raw material for iodine supplementation, for the prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders; it can also be used as an adjunct to expectorants and in preoperative preparation for hyperthyroidism.
Daily Chemicals and Photography: potassium iodide powder is used in the formulation of photographic developers and fixers to enhance developing effects; it can also be used as an additive in certain antibacterial and disinfectant products.
Food Industry: As a food fortifier, KI is used to supplement iodine in food and prevent iodine deficiency-related diseases.
Chemical Synthesis: As an iodine source and reducing agent, it is used in organic synthesis reactions to assist in the synthesis of iodinated compounds and in the preparation of certain catalysts.
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