
Acrylic acid is the simplest unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acid, featuring a molecular structure composed of one vinyl group and one carboxyl group. Its molecular formula is C₃H₄O₂ and molecular weight is 72.06. It can be obtained by oxidizing acrolein or hydrolyzing acrylonitrile, synthesized from acetylene, carbon monoxide, and water, or produced by pressurized oxidation of ethylene and carbon monoxide. Acrylic acid exhibits strong acidity and corrosiveness, with highly reactive chemical properties enabling polymerization, addition, oxidation, and other reactions.
| Item | Specification |
| Melting point | 13°C(lit.) |
| Boiling point | 139°C(lit.) |
| Density | 1.051g/mL at 25°C(lit.) |
| Vapor density | 2.5(vs air) |
| Vapor pressure | 4 mmHg (20°C) |
| Refractive index | n20/D 1.421 |
| Flash point | 130°F |
| Acidity constant (pKa) | 4.25 (at 25°C) |
| Viscosity | 1.149 mPa·s (25°C) |
| Solubility | Easily soluble in water, ethanol, diethyl ether, and other polar solvents. |
Used in the production of water-based coatings and powder coatings, featuring excellent film-forming properties and strong weather resistance. Widely applied in architectural and automotive coatings.
Used in synthesizing acrylic ester adhesives with high bonding strength and aging resistance, suitable for bonding wood, plastics, metals, and other materials.
Used as a monomer for polymerization to produce polyacrylic acid, sodium polyacrylate, etc., for applications in water-absorbent resins (e.g., core material in diapers), flocculants, and thickeners.
Processed into textile auxiliaries (e.g., sizing agents, finishing agents) to enhance fabric wrinkle resistance and abrasion resistance; used in leather finishing to improve gloss and flexibility.
Acrylic acid is the core raw material for superabsorbent polymers (SAP), used in producing sanitary products like diapers and sanitary napkins.
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