
Selenium dioxide is a highly toxic inorganic oxide (commonly known as selenic anhydride), with the molecular formula SeO₂ and a molecular weight of 110.96. At room temperature, it appears as white or slightly reddish, lustrous, needle-like crystals. It is hygroscopic and has a pungent, acidic odor; it sublimates at 315°C and is highly soluble in water, forming selenic acid. As a mild, selective oxidizing agent, catalyst, and chemical reagent, it is widely used in organic synthesis, glass manufacturing, the electronics industry, and pharmaceutical and chemical industries, and serves as a key raw material for the preparation of other selenium compounds.
| Item | Specification |
| Melting point | 315 °C (subl.) (lit.) |
| Boiling point | 684.9 °C (lit.) |
| Density | 4.81 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| Flash point | 315 °C |
| Vapor pressure | 1 mm Hg (157°C) |
| Refractive index | nD20 <1.76 |
| Specific gravity | 3.95 |
| Water solubility | 38.4 g/100 mL (14°C) |
| Stability | Stable to light and heat; exposure to light or dust causes reduction to elemental selenium, resulting in a reddish color. |
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