
Sodium hydrogen carbonate, MF: NaHCO₃ MW: 84.01, also known as baking soda/Sodium bicarbonate, is an acid salt formed by the neutralization of a strong base and a weak acid. It appears as a white crystalline powder, odorless, with a salty taste. It exhibits weak alkalinity when dissolved in water, decomposes readily upon heating to release CO₂, neutralizes acids, and is non-toxic. Naturally occurring in trace amounts in mineral waters and salt lakes, it is primarily synthesized industrially. It serves as a common raw material in chemical, food, and pharmaceutical industries.
| Item | Specification |
| Melting point | 270°C (lit.) |
| Boiling point | 851°C |
| Bulk density | 1000 kg/m³ |
| Density | 2.16 g/mL at 25°C (lit.) |
| Vapor Pressure | 2.58E-05 mmHg at 25°C |
| Refractive Index | 1.500 |
| Flash Point | 169.8°C |
| Specific Gravity | 2.159 |
| PH | (1) 6.37, (2) 10.25 (carbonic acid at 25°C) |
| Acidity constant (pKa) | 169.8°C |
| Solubility | Very soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol, insoluble in ether. |
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