
Tannic acid, with the molecular formula C₇₆H₅₂O₄₆, is a pale yellow to light brown amorphous powder with a distinctive odor. It is highly soluble in water, ethanol, and acetone, but insoluble in nonpolar organic solvents such as benzene and chloroform. It possesses astringent, antioxidant, antibacterial, and metal-chelating properties. It is primarily used for color retention and preservation in food, as an astringent in pharmaceuticals, in leather tanning, as a mordant in dyeing, and as an antioxidant additive in personal care products.
| Item | Specification |
| Melting Point | 210–218 °C (lit.) |
| Boiling Point | N/A |
| Density | 1.29-1.31 g/cm³(20°C) |
| Refractive index | 1.70–1.72 (20 °C, solution) |
| Flash point | 198–200 °C |
| Odor | Slight odor of tannic acid in solution; strong astringent taste |
| PH | 3.0–3.5 (100 g/L, H₂O, 20 °C) |
| Solubility | Soluble in water, ethanol, and acetone; practically insoluble in benzene, chloroform, diethyl ether, and petroleum ether. |
Pharmaceutical Industry: Tannic acid is used as an astringent, hemostatic, and antibacterial agent for treating oral ulcers, burn wounds, and as an anti-diarrheal agent for the gastrointestinal tract
Food and Beverage Industry: Tannins is used for clarifying alcoholic beverages and soft drinks, preserving food color, providing antioxidant and preservative effects, and stabilizing flavor
Leather Tanning: Serves as a key tanning agent for leather tanning and color-fixing processes
Personal Care and Cosmetics: Added to skincare products and toothpaste to provide astringent, antioxidant, and antibacterial effects
Textile Dyeing and Printing: Used as a mordant and color fixative to enhance colorfastness in fabrics
Metal and Water Treatment: Used as a metal corrosion inhibitor and a flocculant in wastewater treatment
Other Applications: Feed additive, natural flame retardant, and chemical analysis reagent
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