
Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate (MF: K₄P₂O₇, MW: 330.336522) is an inorganic phosphate salt. TKPP possesses all properties characteristic of other polymeric phosphates, being analogous to sodium pyrophosphate but exhibiting greater solubility. It forms chelate complexes with alkaline earth and heavy metal ions; It forms stable complexes with Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ ions in hard water, thereby softening it. It also forms protective films on metal surfaces such as iron, zinc, and aluminium. The pyrophosphate anion (P₂O₇⁴⁻) exhibits strong dispersing power for finely dispersed solids, promoting uniform mixing of minute and trace substances.
| Item | Specification |
| Melting point | 1109°C |
| Boiling point | >1500°C |
| Density | 2.534 g/cm³ |
| Vapour pressure | 0 Pa at 20°C |
| Solubility | Soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol. Aqueous solution is alkaline. |
| pH (40 g/l, 25°C) | 10.0–11.0 |
| Hygroscopicity | Exhibits moderate hygroscopicity, readily absorbing moisture and caking in humid air, though its stability surpasses that of other polyphosphates. |
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