
Triethyl citrate is an ester compound produced by the esterification reaction of citric acid and ethanol, with the chemical formula C₁₂H₂₀O₇ and a molecular weight of 276.28. At standard temperature and pressure, it is an oily, colourless liquid with a sweet and pleasant aroma reminiscent of fruit wine and plums.
Triethyl citrate (TEC) is a non-phthalate environmentally friendly ester that is soluble in most organic solvents. It slowly hydrolyses into citric acid and ethanol when exposed to strong acids or bases. It has good thermal stability but is poorly soluble in oils. TEC has good compatibility with most cellulose, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate resins, and chlorinated rubber.
| Melting point | -55°C |
| Boiling point | 235°C/150 mmHg (lit.) |
| Density | 1.14 g/mL at 25°C (lit.) |
| Vapor pressure | 9.7 (vs air) |
| Pour point | -46 |
| Vapour pressure | 1 mmHg (107°C) |
| Refractive index | n20/D 1.442 (lit.) |
| Flash point | >230°F |
| Acidity coefficient (pKa) | 11.57 ± 0.29 (Predicted) |
| Water solubility | 5.7 g/100 mL (25°C) |
| Freezing point | -55°C |
Triethyl citrate, with its low toxicity, good compatibility, and combined plasticising and solvent properties, has the following applications:
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