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Calcium thioglycolate (also known as calcium thioacetic acid) is the calcium salt of thioglycolic acid, with the molecular formula C₄H₆CaO₄S₂ and a molecular weight of 222.296. At room temperature, it is a white to off-white crystalline powder with the characteristic odor of thiol compounds. It is highly soluble in water and slightly soluble in ethanol. It turns red upon contact with metal ions such as iron and copper. It serves as a core ingredient for hair removal and perming in the cosmetics industry and also has significant applications in the pharmaceutical, electroplating, and polymer materials sectors.
| Item | Specification |
| Decomposition temperature | ~160°C |
| Density | 1.311 g/cm³ (20°C) |
| Odor | Pungent odor similar to hydrogen sulfide |
| Color reaction | Turns red upon contact with iron ions, and brown upon contact with copper ions |
| Solubility | Highly soluble in water (>100 g/L at 20°C), slightly soluble in ethanol. |
| Stability | Stable at room temperature; reacts readily with oxidizing agents and strong acids. |
Cosmetics and Personal Care: Calcium thioglycolate is used in the production of perm solutions and depilatory creams to break hair disulfide bonds, achieving styling and hair removal effects; also serves as a keratin-softening ingredient.
Pharmaceuticals and Biochemistry: Calcium thioglycolate is used in the synthesis of heavy metal chelating agents, as a reducing agent for protein structure analysis, and as an auxiliary in the formulation of topical dermatological preparations.
Industrial Processing: Calcium mercaptoacetate is used in leather depilation, as a brightening additive in metal electroplating to enhance the smoothness and luster of the plating layer.
Fine Chemicals: Calcium mercaptoacetate serves as a rubber vulcanization aid and a reducing agent in organic synthesis; it is also used in the purification of heavy metals in water.
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