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Propyl acetate, also known as n-propyl acetate or ethanoic acid n-propyl ester, has the mf C₅H₁₀O₂ and mw 102.13. It is a colorless, clear liquid with a mild fruity aroma. It occurs naturally in strawberries, bananas, and tomatoes. Industrially produced as a fatty acid ester through the esterification reaction of acetic acid and n-propanol, propyl acetate is a high-performance medium-boiling-point ester solvent. It combines excellent solubility with moderate volatility and exhibits outstanding hydrolysis resistance.
| Item | Specification |
| Melting point | -95°C (lit.) |
| Boiling point | 101.6–102°C |
| Density | 0.887–0.889 g/cm³ (20°C) |
| Vapor Density | 3.5 (vs air) |
| Vapor Pressure | 25 mmHg (20°C) |
| Refractive Index | 1.384 (20°C) |
| Flash Point | 13–14°C |
| APHA | 16–18 (at 25°C) |
| Viscosity | 0.45 mPa·s (at 20°C) |
| APHA | ≤15 |
| Specific Gravity | 0.889 (20/4°C) |
| Odor | Mild fruity |
| Autoignition temperature | ~450°C |
| Viscosity | 0.585 mPa·s (20°C) |
| Surface Tension | 24.3 dynes/cm (20°C) |
| Odor Threshold | 0.24 ppm |
| Solubility | Sparingly soluble in water (2g/100mL, 20°C); miscible with alcohols, ethers, ketones, and hydrocarbons. |
Propyl acetate serves as a solvent and diluent for nitrocellulose lacquers, acrylic coatings, and polyurethane coatings;
As a food flavoring agent, propyl ethanoate is used to formulate banana, pear, apple, and other fruit aromas, and also in cosmetic and perfume formulations;
As a pharmaceutical intermediate and reaction solvent, propyl ethanoate is employed in drug extraction and purification processes;
Propyl ethanoate cleans electronic components (PCB boards, LCD displays) by removing organic contaminants like grease and rosin;
Propyl ethanoate also functions as an adhesive solvent and plasticizer.
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