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Behenic acid (Docosanoic acid , n-docosanoic acid) is a C22 straight-chain saturated fatty acid. Its chemical name is n-docosanoic acid, with the molecular formula C22H44O2 and a molecular weight of 340.58. It occurs naturally as glycerides in hydrogenated vegetable oil, hydrogenated fish oil, and a few other vegetable oils. In its pure form, it is a white to cream-colored needle-like crystal or powder, odorless and tasteless, highly hydrophobic, and exhibits typical carboxylic acid chemical properties. It is widely used in the daily chemical, food, pharmaceutical, and industrial sectors and serves as an important raw material for the manufacture of long-chain fatty alcohols, esters, and amides.
| Item | Specification |
| Melting Point | 79-82 °C |
| Boiling point | 306°C/60mmHg |
| Density | 0.881 g/cm³(20℃) |
| Flash point | 306°C/60mmHg |
| Vapor pressure | 1.33×10^-6 kPa(25℃) |
| Refractive index | 1.427(100℃) |
| Solubility | 0.102 g/100 g water (25 °C); readily soluble in chloroform, hot ethanol, and diethyl ether |
| Stability | Light- and heat-resistant; stable in storage; may undergo esterification, saponification, and amination reactions. |
Personal Care: Behenic acid is used as an emulsifier, thickener, and moisturizing agent in cosmetics; used in the production of lipstick and hair care products to enhance skin feel and hair smoothness.
Food and Feed: Behenic acid is used as a food emulsifier and stabilizer to improve the texture of baked goods and frozen desserts; also added to animal feed to promote growth and development.
Pharmaceuticals: Docosanoic acid is used in the preparation of sustained-release formulations and topical antibacterial ointments, as well as an intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceutical derivatives.
Fine Chemicals: Docosanoic acid is used in the synthesis of fatty alcohols, esters, and amides; serves as a mechanical lubricant, textile softener, and plastic processing aid.
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