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Propylene glycol, also known as “1,2-propanediol,” MF: C₃H₈O₂, MW: 76.09, is a colorless, odorless, viscous transparent liquid. It is low-toxicity, highly hygroscopic, and readily soluble in water and most organic solvents. Its core physicochemical properties stem from the reactivity and solubility imparted by its dihydroxy structure; it exhibits typical alcohol characteristics. It reacts with organic and inorganic acids to form monoesters or diesters. Reacts with propylene oxide to form ethers. Reacts with hydrogen halides to form halogenated alcohols. Reacts with acetaldehyde to form methyl dioxolane.
| Item | Specification |
| Melting point | -60°C (lit.) |
| Boiling point | 187°C (lit.) |
| Density | 1.036 g/mL at 25°C (lit.) |
| Vapor Density | 2.62 (vs air) |
| Vapor Pressure | 0.08 mmHg (20°C) |
| Refractive Index | n20/D 1.432 (lit.) |
| Flash Point | 107.2 ± 0.0 °C |
| Acidity coefficient (pKa） | 14.49 ± 0.20 (Predicted) |
| APHA | ≤10 |
| Specific Gravity | 1.038 (20/20°C) 1.036–1.040 |
| Odor | Odorless, extremely faint alcohol odor |
| Optical Rotation | -0.11° (C=1.00g/100ml, CHCl₃) |
| Explosive Limit | 2.4–17.4% (V) |
| Solubility | Fully miscible with water, ethanol, acetone, ethylene glycol, etc. Insoluble in nonpolar solvents such as petroleum ether and benzene. |
In the food industry, Propylene Glycol serves as a humectant and preservative for pastries, candies, bread, etc.; lowers the freezing point in ice cream and frozen foods; and functions as a solvent for food additives.
1 2-Propanediol can be used as a pharmaceutical solvent (e.g., for antibiotics, vitamins), ointment base, and excipient for injections; as well as a humectant in skincare products, shampoos, toothpaste, etc.
Industrially, 1 2-Propanediol is used to produce unsaturated polyester resins (for fiberglass and coatings), polyurethane foams, plasticizers (e.g., dipropylene glycol phthalate);
antifreeze, tobacco humectants, ink solvents, and textile antistatic agents.
1 2-Propanediol is also used as a humectant in pet food and as a solvent in battery electrolytes.
Jinan Jinbang Chemical Co., Ltd., strategically located within the New Materials Industrial Park in Tianqiao District, Jinan City, Shandong Province, stands as a prominent chemical innovator since its establishment in 2015. Operating from a modern, expansive 37,500 m² manufacturing facility, we are dedicated to the research & development, production, and global distribution of high-performance chemical solutions.
We are always committed to delivering optimal chemical solutions for all application scenarios.
