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Tetrachloroethylene, also known as perchloroethylene, has the mf: C₂Cl₄ and mw: 165.83. It exists as a colorless, transparent liquid at room temperature with a faint ether-like odor. It exhibits strong chemical stability, is non-flammable and non-explosive, and is a typical non-polar organic solvent. Possessing non-flammable properties, strong solvent power, and moderate volatility, tetrachloroethylene exhibits typical halogenated olefin reactivity. It undergoes addition and substitution reactions, forms coupling reactions with metals like sodium and magnesium, and serves as a solvent or monomer in polymerization reactions.
| Item | Specification |
| Melting point | -22°C (lit.) |
| Boiling point | 121°C (lit.) |
| Density | 1.623 g/mL at 25°C (lit.) |
| Vapor Density | 5.83 (vs air) |
| Vapor Pressure | 13 mmHg (20°C) |
| Refractive Index | n20/D 1.505 (lit.) |
| Flash Point | 27.4 ± 21.9°C |
| Viscosity | 0.839 mPa·s (20°C) |
| APHA | ≤10 |
| Odor Threshold | 0.77 ppm |
| Freezing Point | -22.0°C |
| Dielectric Constant | 2.5 (21°C) |
| Solubility | Insoluble in water; readily soluble in ethanol, diethyl ether, benzene, petroleum ether, and other organic solvents; miscible with most halogenated hydrocarbons. |
Tetrachloroethylene serves as the primary solvent in dry cleaning, used for cleaning high-end garments, carpets, curtains, and other textiles.
Perchloroethylene is employed for degreasing precision mechanical parts, electronic components, automotive components, and aerospace equipment.
Perchloroethylene is utilized for cleaning printed circuit boards, optical instruments, and plastic molds, as well as a diluent for coatings and adhesives.
As a chemical synthesis intermediate, tetrachloroethylene is used to produce hexachloroethane, tetrachloroethylene rubber, and chlorinated polymers. It also serves as a solvent or reaction medium in organic synthesis.
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